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Drugs to Treat Anxiety Disorders Psychiatrists employ a variety of techniques to treat anxiety disorders. Drugs are sometimes part of a three-pronged treatment which includes psychotherapy and physical exercise. SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) are frequently prescribed for anxiety disorders as the first-line antidepressant. They can reduce anxiety through an axon that regulates mood. Tricyclic antidepressants (propranolol and atenolol) are also available. They can increase blood pressure, and you might need to have your blood pressure measured while on these drugs. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines can be a powerful treatment for anxiety. They provide immediate relief and make you feel more relaxed and calm. They work by enhancing the activity of GABA neurotransmitter that is found in the brain. This can help reduce anxiety and tension. These drugs also function as a sedative to help you get a good night's sleep. GPs can prescribe a variety of benzodiazepines including alprazolam, diazepoxide, clonazepam, lorazepam and flurazepoxide. While benzodiazepines can be an effective treatment for anxiety symptoms, care must be taken when making use of these medications. They can lead to dependence if used for long periods. This is why they are only prescribed for short-term usage. Doctors should consider this when prescribing benzodiazepines, and should discuss the risks with their patients. Some people abuse benzodiazepines, either by taking them more frequently or for longer than prescribed, or by mixing them up with alcohol or other drugs. This can be dangerous, and increase the risk of side-effects. It is essential to keep all your medications, including benzodiazepines secured in a safe place, so that they can only be accessible by you or people authorised to do so by you. You could be at greater chance of developing addiction to benzodiazepines if there is a prior history of drug or alcoholic abuse. It is important to inform your GP if you have any previous issues with substance misuse to help them assess your risk better and be more vigilant about your treatment. GPs should always consider non-drug approaches to treating anxiety before prescribing benzodiazepines. These include relaxation techniques such as meditation, exercise, yoga and tai chi, and changing some of your routines to lessen stress. They might suggest talking therapies like cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) or exposure therapy. These can be helpful for many people. They assist them in identifying the root causes of anxiety, create strategies for coping and enhance their emotional wellbeing. Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and selective norepinephrine receptor inhibitors (SNRIs), can also be effective in treating anxiety. These medications can be used as part of an overall strategy for managing anxiety. Benzodiazepines are often used to provide temporary relief from anxiety while waiting for antidepressants' longer-lasting effects. Antidepressants There are a myriad of medicines that can be used to treat anxiety. All of these medications increase the amount certain chemicals in your brain which can influence your mood. Your doctor will determine which one is best for you based upon your medical history and symptoms. Antidepressants like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are some of the most common medications used to treat anxiety disorders. Most pharmacies sell them. They are usually taken every day. You'll need a prescription, but generic versions are usually cheaper than the brand name versions. SSRIs are generally considered the first-choice pharmaceutical treatment for most anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder/agoraphobia, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They prevent the reabsorption in the nerve cells that produce or release serotonin. In addition, they reduce the amount of norepinephrine released in response to stressful events and help improve sleep. Another type of antidepressant can be described as tricyclic antidepressant. It works well for some people suffering from GAD, but drowsiness and other adverse effects limit its use. There is a different class of drugs called monoamine oxidase inhibitors. They may be beneficial in treating anxiety. However, their restrictions on diet and adverse effects, including erectile dysfunction and weight gain they are not as popular. Sometimes, combining therapy with medication is the best approach to managing anxiety. Psychotherapy is a great option for a majority of people suffering from anxiety, and is often more cost-effective than taking drugs alone. Cognitive behavioral therapy, or CBT, can teach you to identify the triggers that contribute to anxiety and how to deal with these triggers. CBT can help you avoid negative thoughts that can cause anxiety. Certain people need to take anxiety medication for a long period of time, based on the severity of their symptoms and how they react to other treatment options. The research is ongoing to discover how and why these drugs improve anxiety and what the best length of treatment is. Certain people who suffer from severe anxiety may benefit from newer antidepressants like esketamine or Spravato. Sedatives Sedatives are a class of drugs that help to calm the central nervous system and promote sleep. Doctors prescribe them to treat anxiety and sleep disorders. They increase the activity in the brain of a neurotransmitter, known as gamma aminobutyric acids (GABA) to reduce the neurons' activity and reduce excitability. This results in feelings of calm. Sedatives may also cause drowsiness or reduce muscle spasms. These drugs are also used to create general anesthesia. The most frequently prescribed sedatives are Z-drugs and benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed. These include Xanax, Librium, Valium (chlordiazepoxide or diazepoxide), Ativan and Lorazepam. Z-drugs, a kind of hypnotic drug that causes drowsiness by binding to receptors in the spinal cord and brain they are known as Z-drugs. The tranquilizing effects of these drugs typically last for up to one day. Sedatives can cause dangerous adverse effects when combined in conjunction with other drugs such as alcohol or opioids. They can cause impaired judgment, drowsiness or loss of coordination. They can also lead to depression and confusion. Sedatives can be addictive and can lead to dependence if used for a long time. Dependence is especially evident if the user is taking large doses of the drug or if they quit “cold for a while” without slowly decreasing their use. Antidepressants, as well as sedatives are commonly prescribed to help with anxiety. They stop the brain's nerve cells from absorbing serotonin a chemical which plays a key role in regulating mood. Antidepressants are usually prescribed for a period of 6 to 12 months, after which the dosage is gradually reduced. The majority of people don't build a tolerance to these medications and don't experience dependency or withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking the medication. Alternative therapies for anxiety include cognitive behavioral therapy and EMDR. CBT helps people discover what triggers anxiety and then helps them learn to manage these situations. EMDR may be an effective treatment for other conditions, as well as PTSD. In this therapy, the patient recalls past life events that caused anxiety and then shifts their gaze between the two. Psychotherapy Anxiety disorders affect people of every age, background, and income. These disorders are among the most prevalent mental health conditions that affect adults, and they can be treated with psychotherapy or medication. Certain medications can ease certain symptoms, but some have severe negative side consequences. They should only be used as a part of a comprehensive treatment program that includes psychotherapy. Medications for anxiety disorders are generally prescribed to reduce symptoms like excessive worry, restlessness, and shaking. They also help with other symptoms commonly associated with anxiety disorders, such fatigue or depression. Antidepressants are also prescribed to treat anxiety and some of them work in people without a depressive disorder. The most effective drugs to treat anxiety are selective serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). These medications reduce anxiety by increasing levels of serotonin which is a mood-enhancing chemical found in the brain. These medications can cause nausea, vomiting, headache and dizziness in the beginning, but these side effects usually decrease with continued use. SSRIs and SNRIs aren't the only medications that can be used to treat anxiety. natural anxiety treatments (Bupropion XL) Doxepine, Buspirone, and Valproic Acid (VPA) are a few of the drugs that have been found to be effective in treating anxiety. Most of these drugs however, haven't been thoroughly tested in head-tohead trials and have only limited evidence of their effectiveness for treating generalized anxiety disorder. Benzodiazepines are often used in lieu of SSRIs or SNRIs, however they can cause serious side effects and can become habit-forming. They can also interfere in the effectiveness of psychotherapy and many patients feel withdrawal symptoms if treatment with benzodiazepine is abruptly stopped. Because of these risks, benzodiazepines should be only used as a last resort in conjunction with other treatments. However, if symptoms become life-threatening, your doctor may recommend that you take these medications.